diff --git a/packages/db/src/synchronizers/data.ts b/packages/db/src/synchronizers/data.ts
index e18f2c4..c5cfedf 100644
--- a/packages/db/src/synchronizers/data.ts
+++ b/packages/db/src/synchronizers/data.ts
@@ -20,6 +20,20 @@ type TargetOptions = {
   ignoreColumns?: Record<string, string[]>;
 };
 
+type CursorEncoding = "string" | "number" | "buffer";
+
+type SyncProgress = {
+  offset: number;
+  cursor: string | null;
+  cursorEncoding: CursorEncoding | null;
+};
+
+type SourceRow = {
+  data: Record<string, unknown>;
+  cursor: string | null;
+  cursorEncoding: CursorEncoding | null;
+};
+
 const DEFAULT_IGNORE: Record<string, string[]> = {
   article: ["tsv", "image", "excerpt", "bias", "reliability", "transparency"],
   source: ["bias", "reliability", "transparency"],
@@ -56,19 +70,21 @@ class Engine {
   async import(table: string): Promise<number> {
     await this.ensureProgressTable();
 
-    let startOffset = 0;
+    let startState: SyncProgress = { cursor: null, cursorEncoding: null, offset: 0 };
     if (this.resume) {
-      startOffset = await this.getProgressOffset(table);
-      console.log(`Resuming import for ${table} from offset=${startOffset}`);
+      startState = await this.getProgressState(table);
+      console.log(
+        `Resuming import for ${table} from offset=${startState.offset}, cursor=${startState.cursor ?? "null"}`,
+      );
     } else {
       await this.reset(table);
-      await this.setProgressOffset(table, 0);
+      await this.setProgressState(table, startState);
     }
 
-    return await this.paste(table, this.copy(table, startOffset), startOffset);
+    return await this.paste(table, this.copy(table, startState), startState);
   }
 
-  private async *copy(table: string, startOffset = 0): AsyncGenerator<Record<string, unknown>> {
+  private async *copy(table: string, state: SyncProgress): AsyncGenerator<SourceRow> {
     const mysql = await import("mysql2/promise");
 
     const source = mysql.createPool({
@@ -81,23 +97,49 @@ class Engine {
       user: this.sourceOptions.user,
     });
 
-    let offset = startOffset;
+    let offset = state.offset ?? 0;
     const size = this.pageSize;
+    let cursorParam = this.decodeCursorValue(state.cursor, state.cursorEncoding);
+    let useCursor = cursorParam != null;
+
     try {
       while (true) {
-        const [rows] = await source.query<RowDataPacket[]>(
-          `SELECT * FROM \`${this.escapeBacktick(table)}\` ORDER BY \`id\` LIMIT ? OFFSET ?`,
-          [size, offset],
-        );
+        let sql: string;
+        let params: unknown[];
+        if (useCursor && cursorParam != null) {
+          sql = `SELECT * FROM \`${this.escapeBacktick(table)}\` WHERE \`id\` > ? ORDER BY \`id\` LIMIT ?`;
+          params = [cursorParam, size];
+        } else {
+          sql = `SELECT * FROM \`${this.escapeBacktick(table)}\` ORDER BY \`id\` LIMIT ? OFFSET ?`;
+          params = [size, offset];
+        }
+
+        const [rows] = await source.query<RowDataPacket[]>(sql, params);
 
         if (!rows || rows.length === 0) break;
 
         for (const row of rows) {
-          yield row as Record<string, unknown>;
+          const cursorInfo = this.encodeCursorValue((row as Record<string, unknown>).id);
+          yield {
+            cursor: cursorInfo.value,
+            cursorEncoding: cursorInfo.encoding,
+            data: row as Record<string, unknown>,
+          };
         }
 
         offset += rows.length;
         if (rows.length < size) break;
+
+        const last = rows[rows.length - 1] as Record<string, unknown>;
+        const lastCursor = this.encodeCursorValue(last.id);
+        const decoded = this.decodeCursorValue(lastCursor.value, lastCursor.encoding);
+        if (decoded != null) {
+          cursorParam = decoded;
+          useCursor = true;
+        } else if (useCursor) {
+          cursorParam = null;
+          useCursor = false;
+        }
       }
     } finally {
       try {
@@ -108,8 +150,8 @@ class Engine {
 
   private async paste(
     table: string,
-    rows: AsyncGenerator<Record<string, unknown>>,
-    startOffset = 0,
+    rows: AsyncGenerator<SourceRow>,
+    startState: SyncProgress,
   ): Promise<number> {
     const target = await this.target.connect();
     let total = 0;
@@ -117,16 +159,19 @@ class Engine {
     let columns: string[] | null = null;
     let insertSql = "";
     let upsertSql = "";
+    let lastCursor = startState.cursor ?? null;
+    let lastCursorEncoding = startState.cursorEncoding ?? null;
 
     const ignored = this.ignoredColumnsFor(table);
     const ignoredSet = new Set(ignored);
 
     try {
-      for await (let row of rows) {
+      for await (const entry of rows) {
+        const row = entry.data;
+        const transformed = this.transformRowForTarget(table, row);
         if (!columns) {
-          row = this.transformRowForTarget(table, row);
           // Filter ignored columns and build column order
-          columns = Object.keys(row).filter((c) => !ignoredSet.has(c));
+          columns = Object.keys(transformed).filter((c) => !ignoredSet.has(c));
 
           // If article target has credibility but source not, include computed credibility
           if (
@@ -153,8 +198,6 @@ class Engine {
           await target.query("BEGIN");
         }
 
-        // Row transform and params in column order
-        const transformed = this.transformRowForTarget(table, row);
         const params = columns!.map((c) => this.valueForColumn(c, transformed));
 
         try {
@@ -172,9 +215,21 @@ class Engine {
         }
         total++;
         inBatch++;
+        if (entry.cursor != null) {
+          lastCursor = entry.cursor;
+          lastCursorEncoding = entry.cursorEncoding ?? null;
+        }
 
         if (inBatch >= this.batchSize) {
-          await this.setProgressOffset(table, startOffset + total, target);
+          await this.setProgressState(
+            table,
+            {
+              cursor: lastCursor,
+              cursorEncoding: lastCursorEncoding,
+              offset: startState.offset + total,
+            },
+            target,
+          );
           await target.query("COMMIT");
           inBatch = 0;
           await target.query("BEGIN");
@@ -183,7 +238,15 @@ class Engine {
       }
 
       if (inBatch > 0) {
-        await this.setProgressOffset(table, startOffset + total, target);
+        await this.setProgressState(
+          table,
+          {
+            cursor: lastCursor,
+            cursorEncoding: lastCursorEncoding,
+            offset: startState.offset + total,
+          },
+          target,
+        );
         await target.query("COMMIT");
       }
     } catch (e) {
@@ -398,6 +461,30 @@ class Engine {
     return new Date();
   }
 
+  private encodeCursorValue(value: unknown): {
+    encoding: CursorEncoding | null;
+    value: string | null;
+  } {
+    if (value == null) return { encoding: null, value: null };
+    if (Buffer.isBuffer(value)) {
+      return { encoding: "buffer", value: value.toString("hex") };
+    }
+    if (typeof value === "number" || typeof value === "bigint") {
+      return { encoding: "number", value: String(value) };
+    }
+    return { encoding: "string", value: String(value) };
+  }
+
+  private decodeCursorValue(value: string | null, encoding: CursorEncoding | null): unknown {
+    if (!value || !encoding) return null;
+    if (encoding === "buffer") return Buffer.from(value, "hex");
+    if (encoding === "number") {
+      const parsed = Number(value);
+      return Number.isNaN(parsed) ? null : parsed;
+    }
+    return value;
+  }
+
   private quote(id: string) {
     const norm = this.normalizedName(id);
     return `"${norm.replaceAll('"', '""')}"`;
@@ -414,38 +501,53 @@ class Engine {
         `CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "__sync_state" (
           table_name text PRIMARY KEY,
           last_offset integer NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
+          last_cursor text,
+          cursor_encoding text,
           updated_at timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT NOW()
         )`,
       );
+      await client.query(`ALTER TABLE "__sync_state" ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS last_cursor text`);
+      await client.query(
+        `ALTER TABLE "__sync_state" ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS cursor_encoding text`,
+      );
     } finally {
       client.release();
     }
   }
 
-  private async getProgressOffset(table: string): Promise<number> {
+  private async getProgressState(table: string): Promise<SyncProgress> {
     const client = await this.target.connect();
     try {
-      const { rows } = await client.query<{ last_offset: number }>(
-        `SELECT last_offset FROM "__sync_state" WHERE table_name = $1`,
+      const { rows } = await client.query<{
+        cursor_encoding: CursorEncoding | null;
+        last_cursor: string | null;
+        last_offset: number;
+      }>(
+        `SELECT last_offset, last_cursor, cursor_encoding FROM "__sync_state" WHERE table_name = $1`,
         [this.normalizedName(table)],
       );
-      return rows[0]?.last_offset ?? 0;
+      const row = rows[0];
+      return {
+        cursor: row?.last_cursor ?? null,
+        cursorEncoding: row?.cursor_encoding ?? null,
+        offset: row?.last_offset ?? 0,
+      };
     } finally {
       client.release();
     }
   }
 
-  private async setProgressOffset(
+  private async setProgressState(
     table: string,
-    offset: number,
+    state: SyncProgress,
     client?: PoolClient,
   ): Promise<void> {
     const run = async (c: PoolClient) => {
       await c.query(
-        `INSERT INTO "__sync_state" (table_name, last_offset, updated_at)
-         VALUES ($1, $2, NOW())
-         ON CONFLICT (table_name) DO UPDATE SET last_offset = EXCLUDED.last_offset, updated_at = NOW()`,
-        [this.normalizedName(table), offset],
+        `INSERT INTO "__sync_state" (table_name, last_offset, last_cursor, cursor_encoding, updated_at)
+         VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, NOW())
+         ON CONFLICT (table_name) DO UPDATE SET last_offset = EXCLUDED.last_offset, last_cursor = EXCLUDED.last_cursor, cursor_encoding = EXCLUDED.cursor_encoding, updated_at = NOW()`,
+        [this.normalizedName(table), state.offset, state.cursor, state.cursorEncoding],
       );
     };
     if (client) return run(client);